Presenting the report of the House Committee on Constitution Review, Deputy Speaker and Committee Chairman, Benjamin Kalu, described the proposal as one of the most significant constitutional reforms in Nigeria’s security sector.

He commended President Tinubu for transmitting the executive bill, saying it reflected constructive cooperation between the executive and legislative arms of government.

According to him, the amendment is designed to bring policing closer to the people, improve intelligence gathering, strengthen community policing and enable state governments respond more effectively to evolving security threats.

“This bill is not merely about creating another policing institution. It is about bringing policing closer to the people, strengthening intelligence gathering, enhancing community policing, improving coordination among security agencies and empowering governments to respond more effectively to the complex and evolving security challenges confronting our nation,” Kalu said.

He acknowledged that the proposal might not satisfy every stakeholder but argued that constitutional reform is an incremental process.

According to him, the amendment only establishes the constitutional foundation for State Police, while critical implementation issues—including recruitment, training, operational standards, funding, accountability and intergovernmental coordination—would be addressed through subsequent legislation.

“We must not allow the pursuit of perfection to become the enemy of meaningful progress,” he added, urging lawmakers to support what he described as a historic reform.

Controversy over voting

Proceedings, however, took a dramatic turn during the Committee of the Whole.

Rather than conducting a clause-by-clause consideration and vote, as is customary for constitutional amendment bills, the Speaker, Tajudeen Abbas read the long title of the bill before putting it to a voice vote.

Before the vote, Abbas announced that 311 lawmakers had indicated support for the legislation. According to him, the figure comprised 211 members of the All Progressives Congress, 65 lawmakers from other political parties physically present in the chamber and 35 members participating virtually through the House’s electronic platform.

He explained that the Constitution requires the support of at least two-thirds of the 360-member House—240 votes—for a constitutional amendment to succeed.

Rowdy session

Many Opposition lawmakers staged a walkout in protest over what they described as a breach of parliamentary procedure.

The protest followed the Speaker of the House, Tajudeen Abbas’ decision to put the bill to a voice vote without reading and considering each of its 26 clauses individually, despite attempts by members of the minority caucus to raise objections.

The Minority Leader, Frederick Agbedi, repeatedly sought to raise a point of order during the proceedings but was not recognised by the Speaker.

Rather than subject each clause of the bill to separate consideration and voting, Abbas called for a voice vote, asking members in support of the state police bill to say “aye” and those against it to say “nay.”

After declaring that the “ayes” had prevailed, the Speaker’s ruling prompted members of the minority caucus to stage a walkout from the Green Chamber in protest.

This turned the session into a chaotic situation with the Speaker repeatedly hitting the gavel to in a bid to bring semblance of order.

Minority faults process

Addressing journalists after the walkout, the minority caucus spokesman, Afam Ogene, questioned both the method used to determine the number of members present and the voting procedure adopted by the House.

He argued that the attendance register signed by lawmakers at the commencement of plenary remains the only legitimate means of determining quorum.

“We were shocked to hear names being read out that we do not know where they came from. The way of determining members present in a sitting is through the register. That is why members sign it every legislative day,” Ogene said.

He further alleged that the Speaker, while presiding over the Committee of the Whole, disregarded the provisions of Section 9(2) of the 1999 Constitution by denying lawmakers the opportunity to consider and amend the bill clause by clause.

The Minority Leader, Frederick Agbedi, insisted that the caucus supports the creation of State Police but opposed what it described as a failure to comply with due legislative process.

“We are not against state police. Whatever will help address insecurity in this country, we will support. But every action of Parliament must follow due process,” Agbedi said.

He argued that the House Standing Orders require every clause of a constitutional amendment bill to be considered and approved separately by a two-thirds majority.

According to him, lawmakers were denied the opportunity to scrutinise individual provisions of the bill or move amendments before the legislation was passed.

Agbedi also alleged that he was prevented from raising a constitutional point of order before being ruled out of order by the Chair.

“If we walked out of the chamber, where then did our votes come from? Can anyone count our votes? Can a constitutional amendment be decided by a voice vote?

“The Constitution and our Standing Orders require a two-thirds majority for each clause,” he argued. He maintained that the protest was aimed at defending parliamentary integrity and the rule of law rather than opposing State Police.

Further review

In a letter dated July 22, 2026 and addressed to the Speaker, the minority caucus reiterated its support for state police but argued that the current constitutional framework contains significant legal and institutional gaps.

Signed by Ogene, the letter urged the House leadership to recommit the bill for further legislative work to address what it described as constitutional ambiguities, drafting inconsistencies, jurisdictional uncertainties, governance gaps and unresolved institutional issues.

“The minority caucus unequivocally supports the principle of state police. Our concern is not against state police; it is against adopting an incomplete constitutional framework,” the letter read in part

The lawmakers warned that constitutional amendments establish permanent institutions and therefore require the highest level of legislative scrutiny to avoid future legal disputes and operational challenges.

Funding concerns

The caucus said in the letter, “One of the most serious concerns arising from the proposed reform is the financial burden that the establishment and efficient operation of state police will place on state governments. The establishment of state police will transfer a significant part of the policing responsibility presently undertaken and financed by the Federal Government to state governments.”

In its recommendations, the Agbedi-led caucus called for a restructuring of Nigeria’s fiscal framework to ensure states have the financial capacity to fund state police.

It recommended that “15 per cent of the Federation Account allocation currently accruing to the Federal Government be transferred to the states to finance policing responsibilities.”

According to the caucus, “devolving policing powers without corresponding financial resources would amount to creating an unfunded constitutional mandate.”

Security experts, lawyers

The lawmakers urged the Speaker to suspend the immediate adoption of the bill and recommit it for a limited technical review involving constitutional lawyers, security experts, state governments, fiscal authorities and other relevant stakeholders.

They maintained that their intervention was intended to strengthen—not frustrate—the establishment of state police. “Nigeria deserves the right state police framework that is constitutionally sound, adequately funded and capable of withstanding future legal and operational challenges,” the caucus added.

The debate over state police has remained one of Nigeria’s most contentious constitutional issues for more than two decades. Successive administrations, security experts and state governors have argued that the country’s highly centralised policing structure has become increasingly inadequate in responding to rising insecurity, including banditry, kidnapping, terrorism and communal violence.

Supporters of state police contend that decentralising law enforcement would improve intelligence gathering, strengthen community policing and enable faster responses to local security threats.

Opponents, however, have consistently warned that state-controlled police could be abused by governors for political purposes, particularly during elections, while concerns also persist over the ability of many states to finance and sustain independent police services.

The House’s approval marks a major legislative milestone for the proposal. However, the constitutional amendment must still secure passage in the Senate and receive approval from at least 24 state Houses of Assembly before it can become part of the Constitution.

Dirisu Yakubu

He rejected several conspiracy theories that have surrounded Abacha’s death for nearly three decades, insisting that the former Head of State died of natural causes during sexual intercourse.

Amachree alleged that Abacha’s girlfriend visited the Aso Rock Guest House that night alongside her younger sister, a pharmacist who was reportedly in Abuja for a conference.

He wrote, “At approximately 2.40 am, shortly after Gen. Useni left, Abacha’s girlfriend, an Igbo lady (name withheld), arrived at the Aso Rock Guest House from the Nicon Noga Hilton Hotel.

“With her was her younger sister, a pharmacist who was in Abuja for a conference. The Head of State had just bought his girlfriend a new SUV, and they decided to stop by to say hello to ‘Oga’.

“Abacha was taken with the younger sister, and after a short while, the girlfriend returned to the hotel, leaving the pharmacist alone with the Head of State.”

The former DSS operative claimed that around 4:05 a.m., the woman realised Abacha had suddenly become unresponsive during the encounter.

“At about 4.05 am, as they were getting intimate, the pharmacist realised Abacha had stopped moving. She called out to him, but he was unresponsive and stiff. She checked his pulse; there was none,” he wrote.

According to Amachree, the woman panicked, quickly got dressed and left the Presidential Villa after asking a soldier on duty to arrange transport back to her hotel.

He alleged that the woman travelled to Lagos on an early morning flight before security officials became aware of what had happened.

Amachree said Abacha’s Chief Security Officer, Major Hamza Al-Mustapha, was informed of the situation at about 5:00 a.m., after which efforts began to locate the woman.

He added that he was later instructed by the DSS headquarters to track her down in Lagos and personally questioned her after she was brought to his office.

Recalling the interrogation, Amachree said the woman immediately denied harming the former military ruler.

“The first thing she said to me was: ‘I did not kill him, he died on top of me.’ After her detailed account, I called the Director in Abuja, and she was immediately flown back,” he wrote.

The retired intelligence officer maintained that the woman’s account remains the most accurate explanation of Abacha’s death.

“The lady pharmacist’s account, on whom Abacha apparently had a coitus-induced cardiac arrest, remains the true position, and puts an end to the conspiracy theories and half-truths that have gone viral,” he said.

Abacha ruled Nigeria from November 1993 until his sudden death on June 8, 1998. His death has remained one of the country’s most debated political events, with various theories over the years claiming he was poisoned, including the widely circulated allegation that he died after eating poisoned apples.

His regime was defined by massive corruption, siphoning an estimated $2 to $9 billion of public funds into foreign bank accounts.